IO-Snap

We provide a Demo/Trial version so that students can have free and easy access for coursework, and so that those evaluating the software for potential purchase have ready access to a trial version. We encourage those interested in buying IO-Snap to download the demo for a thorough evaluation. This allows us to have a no-returns/no refunds policy.
The Demo/Trial version never expires! Use it for as long as you like!
Licensed versions are available on an annual subscription basis. During active license periods, all data and program updates are included. A comparison of the available version options are shown in the linked pricing table. IO-Snap is sold as an individual license subscription and volume discounts are available.

Check the table above for license details. Installations are limited in number but moving from one computer to another is relatively straightforward. Under the Help menu item, you will find a Deactivate option. This frees up an installation associated with your license that can now be used to activate an installation on another computer.

Be sure to keep track of your license registration key!

We rely on the most recently published data and distribute new databases within about a month of the release of the final data needed to complete the database for a given year. This typically happens about once a year. You will note that some other vendors provide accounts for more recent years. However, those sources rely very heavily on estimates using limited published data.

For example, as of February of 2016, the availability of 2015 gross state product data release had been announced, but a closer look at the published data revealed substantial missing data for most states. We could extrapolate or otherwise impute the missing data as some other vendors do, but we've also observed that even the reported values in early releases often change in later updates — sometimes substantially and sometimes often — by the time the entire series is more fully populated. This suggests that building estimates around the early published data introduces a substantial risk of fairly large errors.

We prefer to wait until the data are more complete and stable. If you have a specific need for more recent accounts and are willing to accept these risks, contact us and we will construct a custom database for you.

We use the Annual Input-Output Accounts data after redefinitions along with employment and gross domestic product data by state as the primary foundation for IO-Snap. Although data for years prior to 1998 that were originally collected and classified using SIC codes have recently been converted to NAICS, we chose to use only the Annual Input-Output Accounts data that were reported originally using the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) sectors. Further, we decided that the value of adding pre-1998 data did not justify the additional effort that would have been required.

As of June, 2024, 2022 data are the most recent available for all national and state variables with sufficiently high reporting to be considered to be reliable.

Absolutely! We provide some standard multi-state aggregation schemes (Census Bureau Regions and Divisions, Bureau of Economic Analysis Regions, etc.), but you have the option of combining any set of state into a single region. You could even construct multi-state regions from non-contiguous state if you had a justification for doing so, though we haven’t been able to come up with a valid one!

Yes, for now you can. However, aggregated national tables cannot be regionalized. And, there are few reasons for aggregating regional tables, because as long as the more detailed data are accurate, you'll get more accurate results at the detailed level.

For display or reporting, IO-Snap includes a *Summarize* feature that creates an aggregated version of most key data windows, e.g., multipliers or impacts. We are adding this feature to more data windows with each new release.

We do our best to impute data using inter-variable relationships from national data and from data for Census Division. So, for example, if we have employment but no employment compensation for a given industry in a region, we use the employment / employment compensation ratio from the relevant Census Division to estimate the missing value. This is sometimes referred to in the economics literature as the Kendrick-Jaycox method.

We also mark all imputed input data with a light yellow background so that users have the option to substitute their own imputation methods or superior data if and as preferred. We trust in the judgment and ability of our users, who oftentimes will have greater local or regional expertise to apply to the imputation process, and we support data editing to take advantage of that expertise.

Yes! This step is often neglected by casual users and can result in some substantial impacts estimate errors. You will note that the conversion option is only available in “commodity-driven” analyses, and this is because industry output is almost always composed of more than one commodity, so the adjustment needs to occur in commodity space, not industry space.

Note that this price conversion can only be used with the unaggregated initial sectoral classification.

Great question! We don't see IO-Snap as competing directly with IMPLAN, which can be a terrific solution for a wide variety of analytical purposes. We've used it often ourselves and highly recommend it. The folks at IMPLAN go to great lengths to generate and provide highly detailed, disaggregated IO accounts for not only states, but also counties and even Zip codes, whereas we only provide state level summary data by default. And let's not forget that IMPLAN also has the ability to generate estimated interregional IO accounts. IO-Snap will be a useful tool for those who wish to have data for one or more states at what BEA refers to as the Summary level of reporting.

Many applications don't require highly disaggregated IO accounts, and the fact that we provide all data for all states over a series of years -- and in a friendly format -- facilitates interregional and inter-temporal comparisons. We also think there is a group of users who would prefer to effectively construct their own IO accounts. IO-Snap provides a good foundation for these analysts, with a high level of control over what goes into the process.

We also acknowledge that working at greater levels of sectoral and geographic detail comes at the cost of relying more heavily on data imputation. That is, each increase in levels of detail results in a higher proportion of missing data, and in some cases, also requires additional assumptions. This suggests that there exists a trade-off between, e.g., sectoral detail and accuracy. Given the need for a significant amount of imputation even at the Summary level, we have chosen to sacrifice some detail in exchange for greater parametric certainty (accuracy).

We also suspect that we put somewhat less effort into regionalizing final demand than does IMPLAN (though we don’t know all of the IMPLAN procedures). We make some basic assumptions, but leave any necessary refinement of regional final demand estimates to the user. Prior to generating direct requirements and multipliers, final demands, industry production functions and output distributions can be directly edited by the user.

IO-Snap will be useful for both professional application and in the classroom. We hope that the simple and intuitive IO-Snap interface will make input-output data and analysis more accessible to students.

Finally, we hope that the affordability of IO-Snap relative to Implan will make input-output analysis more accessible and to a wider audience.

So, the bottom line is that those who truly need high levels of detail and those who have become accustomed to IMPLAN's functionality will probably continue to find IMPLAN very well suited to their purposes. But we also think there is room for a product that fills a different set of needs, and IO-Snap is that product!